The study analyses the subjective and material scope of monitoring and recording conversations in the light of the Supreme Court rulings and opinions in the literature, taking the position that it is unacceptable to use phone tapping in proceedings concerning crimes other than those listed in art. 237 § 3 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. Amendments to provisions concerning the discussed issues which entered into effect on June 11, 2011 were taken into account. Newly-adopted regulations contained in art. 237a of the Code of Criminal Procedure were criticized; the study questions their consistence with constitutional norms and conventions concerning freedom of communication and right to privacy. The study also discusses the terms which may be found in regulations concerning phone tapping.